19 Kas Measures of reproductive success and survival varied from 1 breeding or predation event to total lifetime measurements
Summary of data from each study used in the meta-analyses: boldness and reproductive success (a); boldness and survival (b); exploration and reproductive success (c); exploration and survival (d); aggression and reproductive success (e); aggression and survival (f)
Also, results were only included when it was clear from the publication that statistical tests had been used to examine the relationship
Our sample of mammals, fish, arthropods, and birds included studies of male, female, and mixed-sex subjects, and all but 3 studies ( Wilson et al. 1993; Godin and Davis 1995; Bremner-Harrison et al. 2004) consisted solely of adults.